{"id":20880,"date":"2021-04-03T23:09:24","date_gmt":"2021-04-03T17:39:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valeurbit.com\/blog\/?p=20880"},"modified":"2021-04-03T23:12:08","modified_gmt":"2021-04-03T17:42:08","slug":"nmap-commands-anonymous-port-scanning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valeurbit.com\/blog\/nmap-commands-anonymous-port-scanning\/","title":{"rendered":"Nmap Commands | Anonymous Port Scanning"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. Scan One Host or IP Address<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Scan  Specific IP Address<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$ nmap 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan server by  Hostname<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap server.valeurbit.com<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Increase the  Level of Detail of<\/strong>  scan results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -v server.valeurbit.com\n$ nmap -vv server.valeurbit.com<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. Scanning Multiple IP Addresses<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Scan  Multiple IP Addresses<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3\n$ namp 192.168.1.1,2,3<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  Subnet<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24\n$ nmap 192.168.1. *<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  IP Address Range<\/strong>  (192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.200):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.0-200<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
3. Searching for Active Computers on the Net<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Scan the network for  Active Hosts<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sn 192.168.1.0\/24<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
4. Scanning the Host List from File<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Scanning a list of hosts \/ networks from a  File<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -iL input.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
File format:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# Entries can be submitted in any of the formats with which it works\n# Nmap from the command line (IP addresses, hostnames, CIDR, IPv6, or octet\n# ranges). Entries must be separated by one or more spaces, tabs\n# or line breaks.\n\n$ cat input.txt\nserver.valeurbit.com\n192.168.1.0\/24\n192.168.2.1,2,3\n192.168.3.0-200<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Excluding IP \/ Hosts \/ Networks from Scanning<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Exclude Targets<\/strong>  from Nmap scans:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 --exclude 192.168.1.1\n$ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 --exclude 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.5\n$ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 --exclude 192.168.1.1,2,3<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Exclude List of<\/strong>  hosts taken from file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 --excludefile exclude.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The excluded hosts file format is the same as above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. Scanning Specific Ports<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Scan  One Port<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p 80 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  Multiple Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p 80,443 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  Port Range<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p 80-1000 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  All Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p \"*\" 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan some of the most  Common Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap --top-ports 5 192.168.1.1\n$ nmap --top-ports 10 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
7. Determine Supported IP Protocols<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Determine which  IP Protocols<\/strong>  (TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.) the scanned host supports:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sO 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
8. Scanning TCP \/ UDP Ports<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Scan  all TCP Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sT 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  specific TCP Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p T: 80 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  all UDP Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sU 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Scan  specific UDP Ports<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p U: 53 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Combining scans of different ports:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -p U: 53,79,113, T: 21-25,80,443,8080 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
9. Fast Scan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Activate  Fast<\/strong>  Scan Mode<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -F 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  Scans fewer ports than normal scan.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
10. Show Port Status Reason<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Show  Reason<\/strong> Nmap thinks the port is in a particular state:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap --reason 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
11. Show Only Open Ports<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Show  Only Open Ports<\/strong>  (or possibly open):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap --open 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
12. Definition of OS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
One of the most well-known features of Nmap is remote OS detection based on analysis of the TCP \/ IP stack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nmap sends a series of TCP and UDP packets to the remote host and examines the responses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
After running many tests, Nmap compares the results with its database and, when a match is found, displays information about the OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Enable  OS Detection<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -O 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
13. Determining the Version of the Services<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Enable  Service Version Detection<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sV 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  Determines the versions of programs running on the remote server.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
14. Firewall detection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Find out if the computer is protected by any  Packet Filters<\/strong>  or  Firewall<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sA 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
15. Spoofing MAC Address<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Spoof  MAC Addresses<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap --spoof-mac 00: 11: 22: 33: 44: 55 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Spoof MAC Address with  Random MAC<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap --spoof-mac 0 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
16. Scanning the Firewall for Vulnerabilities<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
These three types of scans exploit an invisible loophole in the  TCP RFC<\/a> to distinguish between open and closed ports.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When an RFC-compliant system is scanned, any packet that does not have the SYN, RST, or ACK bit set will cause an RST to be sent in response if the port is closed, or no response if the port is open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Because none of these bits are set, then any combination of the three remaining bits (FIN, PSH and URG) will be correct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
TCP Null<\/strong>  Scan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sN 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  No bits are set (Flags in TCP header 0).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
TCP Fin<\/strong>  Scan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sF 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  Only the TCP FIN bit is set.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
TCP Xmas<\/strong>  scan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sX 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  FIN, PSH and URG flags are set (the package glows like a Christmas tree).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hosts using a firewall may not respond to standard ICMP pings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try the following methods to detect connected hosts if the firewall is blocking standard ICMP pings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# TCP SYN Ping\n$ nmap -sn -PS 192.168.1.0\/24\n\n# TCP ACK Ping\n$ nmap -sn -PA 192.168.1.0\/24\n\n# UDP Ping\n$ nmap -sn -PU 192.168.1.0\/24\n\n# Ping over IP Protocol\n$ nmap -sn -PO 192.168.1.0\/24\n\n# ARP Ping\n$ nmap -sn -PR 192.168.1.0\/24<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The last three commands must be run as root.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
17. Covert Scan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
TCP SYN<\/strong>  scan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -sS 192.168.0.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
*  Known as scanning with half-open connections, as it does not open full TCP connections.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
18. Disable Host Discovery (No Ping)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Do not ping hosts before scanning:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -Pn 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
19. Disable DNS Usage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Never perform reverse DNS resolution for every active IP address found:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -n 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
20. Saving Nmap Scan Results to File<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Save Nmap scan result to  Text File<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap 192.168.1.1> output.txt\n$ nmap -oN output.txt 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Save Nmap Scan Result to  XML File<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ nmap -oX output.xml 192.168.1.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Anonymous Port Scanning: Nmap + Tor + ProxyChains<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Installing Tor + Nmap + ProxyChains<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
To perform anonymous port scanning, we need to install the following programs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Program<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr>
tor<\/td>Anonymizing Network for TCP<\/td><\/tr>
nmap<\/td>Network Port Scanner<\/td><\/tr>
proxychains<\/td>Redirects connections through proxy servers<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Tor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Install the  Tor<\/strong>  client from the standard repositories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ sudo apt-get install tor<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Nmap<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Install Nmap:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ sudo apt-get install nmap<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
ProxyChains<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Install ProxyChains:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ sudo apt-get install proxychains<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
ProxyChains<\/strong>  is already configured to work with Tor<\/strong> by default  .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
You can verify this by looking at  \/etc\/proxychains.conf<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The last lines of the config should look like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[ProxyList]\n# add proxy here ...\n# meanwile\n# defaults set to \"tor\"\nsocks4 127.0.0.1 9050<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Anonymous Port Scanning Over Tor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Run the following command to  scan anonymously with Nmap<\/strong> over the  Tor network<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ proxychains nmap -sT -PN -n -sV -p 80,443,21,22 217.xx.xx.xx\nProxyChains-3.1 (http:\/\/proxychains.sf.net)\n\nStarting Nmap 6.00 (http:\/\/nmap.org) at 2014-03-24 17:34 EET\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:443-<><>-OK\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:21-<><>-OK\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:80-<><>-OK\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:22-<--denied\n\nNmap scan report for 217.xx.xx.xx\nHost is up (0.14s latency).\nPORT STATE SERVICE VERSION\n21 \/ tcp open ftp Pure-FTPd\n22 \/ tcp closed ssh\n80 \/ tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.26 ((CentOS))\n443 \/ tcp open ssl \/ http Apache httpd 2.2.26 ((CentOS))<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
In the scan logs, we can see a ‘chain’ that goes from the  Tor<\/strong> proxy (127.0.0.1:9050) to the host being scanned (217.xx.xx.xx).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nmap over Tor: Bypassing Node Blocking<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
We may face a situation where the scan fails due to the fact that the Tor exit nodes are blocked (banned by the host being scanned).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A way out of this situation can be adding an ordinary public proxy server<\/strong> to the ‘chain’  .<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This is done by editing  \/etc\/proxychains.conf<\/code> and adding a new entry at the end of  [ProxyList]<\/strong>  (also make sure the random_chain<\/em> option  is<\/em>  off).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
[ProxyList]\n# add proxy here ...\n# meanwile\n# defaults set to \"tor\"\nsocks4 127.0.0.1 9050\nsocks4 115.71.237.212 1080<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The new ‘chain’ goes through the  Tor<\/strong> proxy (127.0.0.1:9050) to the public proxy server<\/strong> we specified   (115.71.237.212:1080) and then to the scanned host (217.xx.xx.xx).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ proxychains nmap -sT -PN -n -sV -p 21 217.xx.xx.xx\nProxyChains-3.1 (http:\/\/proxychains.sf.net)\n\nStarting Nmap 6.00 (http:\/\/nmap.org) at 2014-03-25 11:05 EET\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<>-115.71.237.212:1080-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:21-<><>-OK\n| S-chain | - <> - 127.0.0.1:9050-<>-115.71.237.212:1080-<><>-217.xx.xx.xx:21-<><>-OK\nNmap scan report for 217.xx.xx.xx\nHost is up (1.2s latency).\nPORT STATE SERVICE VERSION\n21 \/ tcp open ftp Pure-FTPd<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
In the examples above, I run  nmap<\/strong>  with the following options:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Option<\/th>Description<\/th><\/tr>
-sT<\/td>full TCP scan<\/td><\/tr>
-PN<\/td>skip host discovery<\/td><\/tr>
-n<\/td>never resolve DNS (to avoid DNS leaks)<\/td><\/tr>
-sV<\/td>determine service version<\/td><\/tr>
-p<\/td>which ports to scan<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Scanning through Tor is very slow. Therefore, in the examples above, I only scanned certain ports.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1. Scan One Host or IP Address Scan  Specific IP Address : $ nmap 192.168.1.1 Scan server by  Hostname : $ nmap server.valeurbit.com Increase the  Level of Detail of  scan results: $ nmap -v server.valeurbit.com $ nmap -vv server.valeurbit.com 2. Scanning Multiple IP Addresses Scan  Multiple IP Addresses : $ nmap 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 $ namp 192.168.1.1,2,3 Scan  Subnet : $ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 $ nmap…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNmap Commands | Anonymous Port Scanning | ValeurBit Infosec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/valeurbit.com\/blog\/nmap-commands-anonymous-port-scanning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nmap Commands | Anonymous Port Scanning | ValeurBit Infosec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"1. Scan One Host or IP Address Scan  Specific IP Address : $ nmap 192.168.1.1 Scan server by  Hostname : $ nmap server.valeurbit.com Increase the  Level of Detail of  scan results: $ nmap -v server.valeurbit.com $ nmap -vv server.valeurbit.com 2. Scanning Multiple IP Addresses Scan  Multiple IP Addresses : $ nmap 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 $ namp 192.168.1.1,2,3 Scan  Subnet : $ nmap 192.168.1.0\/24 $ nmap...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/valeurbit.com\/blog\/nmap-commands-anonymous-port-scanning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ValeurBit Infosec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/valeurbitinfo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-03T17:39:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-03T17:42:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@valeurbit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@valeurbit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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